欧美判例翻译(12)
发布时间:2015-05-26 08:39商业秘密网
[54]Winans v. New York & Erie R. Co., 21 How. 88, 100-101, 16 L.Ed. 68 (1859); see also Markman, supra, at 388,116 S.Ct. 1384 (“ ‘当专利中所使用的技术术语、物质或者其他类似信息是理解该专利所必须的,且这些用语的确切含义不为法官所知时,便需要就这些内容提供证据以及其他信息。但是,在解释专利时,法院便需要继续承担起其职责:作为法律的裁判者,确定专利的特性与权利。’ ” (quoting 2 W. Robinson, Law of Patents ?732, pp. 482-483 (1890); emphasis in original)).
[55]Fed. Rule Civ. Proc. 52(a)(6).
[56]Miller v. Fenton, 474 U.S. 104, 113, 106 S.Ct. 445, 88 L.Ed.2d 405 (1985).
[57]Id., at 112, 106 S.Ct. 445.
[58]See id., at 112-118, 106 S.Ct. 445.
[59]See Brief for Petitioners 54-56; Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 31-32.
[60]810 F.Supp.2d, at 590.
[61]SeeApp. 138a-139a.
[62]810 F.Supp.2d, at 590.
[63]App. 375a-376a.
[64]App. 375a-376a.
[65]810 F.Supp.2d, at 589; Brief for Respondents 61.
[66]810 F.Supp.2d, at 590-591.
[67]723 F.3d, at 1369.
[68]See ibid.
[69]Pullman-Standard v. Swint, 456 U.S. 273, 287, 102 S.Ct. 1781, 72 L.Ed.2d 66 (1982).
[70]大多数法官认为,我们受口头辩论阶段起诉人提出问题的用语及应诉人的陈述所限制,而认为专利权利要求的解释有时需要对辅助性事实进行认定。Ante, at 840.但是诉辩双方关于专利权利要求的解释包含有辅助性事实认定的诉讼协议,并未能够说明这些事实认定是否就是 52(a)(6)条中规定的事实认定。由于大多数法官将其判决的前提建立在这些事实认定就是 52(a)(6)条中规定的事实认定的基础上,其判决仅能够解决当前的争议,在未来,其他各方均有权质疑这一假设。
[71]Pullman-Standard v. Swint, 456 U.S. 288, 102 S.Ct. 1781, 72 L.Ed.2d 66 (1982).
[72]Ibid.
[73]Cf. Tome v. United States, 513 U.S. 150, 168, 115 S.Ct. 696, 130 L.Ed.2d 574 (1995) (SCALIA, J., concurring
in part and concurring in judgment) (指出,因为联邦法律都有普通法原则作为其背景,所以普通法的知识可以成为对法条进行解释的渊源之一).
[74]Coupe v. Royer, 155 U.S. 565, 576, 15 S.Ct. 199, 39 L.Ed. 263 (1895); Loom Co. v. Higgins, 105 U.S. 580,
584-587, 26 L.Ed. 1177 (1882); Tilghman v. Proctor, 102 U.S. 707, 729-731, 26 L.Ed. 279 (1881); Winans v.
Denmead, 15 How. 330, 339, 14 L.Ed. 717 (1854).
[75]See, e.g., Pullman, supra, at 288, 102 S.Ct. 1781.
[76]Miller v. Fenton, 474 U.S. 104, 116, 106 S.Ct. 445, 88 L.Ed.2d 405 (1985); see also Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc., 466 U.S. 485, 104 S.Ct. 1949, 80 L.Ed.2d 502 (1984); Baumgartner v. United States, 322 U.S. 665, 671, 64 S.Ct. 1240, 88 L.Ed. 1525 (1944).
[77]See Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 517 U.S. 370, 381, 116 S.Ct. 1384, 134 L.Ed.2d 577 (1996).
[78]See ante, at 837.
[79]See Wyeth v. Levine, 555 U.S. 555, 587, 129 S.Ct. 1187, 173 L.Ed.2d 51 (2009) (THOMAS, J., concurring in judgment).
[80]See Leo Sheep Co. v. United States, 440 U.S. 668, 669, 99 S.Ct. 1403, 59 L.Ed.2d 677 (1979) (在解释土地特许状转让证书时探寻了具体的历史事实,因为“法院在解释法条时,需要适当的重现法条通过时的历史情况,以确定法条获得通过的原因以及特定条款的具体含义。”); see also Marvin M. Brandt Revocable Trust v.(作者:柳楠,来源:华东政法大学知识产权)
- 上一篇:中美企业交锋:从专利到商业秘密
- 下一篇:对统一专利法庭的探索性观点
相关阅读:
- 有限责任公司的设立及法律地位主要有哪些 2015-06-05
- 广西壮族自治区百色市英德冷饮部兰忠德侵犯百色市酒厂右江注 2015-05-10
- 2014年宁波十大版权事件评出 2015-06-02
- 商业秘密,请让我们来保护你! 2015-05-10
- 专家建议绘制专利地图助力我国通信行业抢占制高点 2015-06-04
- "抢”人商号还告人侵权 2015-05-10